The official GemStone IV encyclopedia.
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'''[[Krolgeh]] Grammar''' |
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''The language of the [[krolvin]], both spoken and written, is referred to as krolgeh.'' |
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''The language of the [[krolvin]], both spoken and written, is referred to as [[krolgeh]].'' |
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== Grammar == |
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== Grammar == |
Revision as of 22:58, 2 May 2015
Krolgeh Language is an Official GemStone IV Document, and it is protected from editing.
The language of the krolvin, both spoken and written, is referred to as krolgeh.
Grammar
Tense
To make a krolvin term past tense, add ‘kt’ at the end. For example, ungbok means “fight” and ungbokt means “fought.” Junda means “to spit” (or, more correctly, to expel a bodily fluid) and jundakt means “spat.”
Future tense is denoted by ‘tik’ preceding the term. Therefore tik’ungbok means “will fight” and tik’junda means “will spit.”
Negatives
The addition of ‘te’ to the end of a krolvin term may indicate the negative of that term. In effect, ‘te’ can be interpreted as “not.” For example, tuz means “can” and tuzte means “cannot.” Similarly, gno means “belongs to” or “is of” and gno’te means “does not belong to” or “is not of.” When the term ends in a vowel (as in the previous example) an apostrophe is used to denote the separate sound of ‘te.’
Opposites
An opposite (as opposed to a negative) condition is commonly indicated by the addition of the suffix ‘kra’ at the end of a term. For example, kref means “before” and krefkra means “after” or “behind.” Similarly, vosk means “up” and voskra means “down.”
Opposition terms tend to be relational or comparative (this is related or can be compared against that). Negative terms tend to be conditional (not this is the negative condition of this). Front is the opposite of back, not the negative of it.
As in Common, there are separate Krolgeh terms for many opposing concepts, such as night and day, long and short. However, the implications of the Krolgeh use of grammatical opposites offers some insight into Krolvin psychology. Opposites suggest a there is a default view. In Common there is a word for “up” and a word for “down.” In Krolgeh the word for “up” (vosk) has an expression that means “the opposite of up” (voskra) which can be interpreted as “down.” Therefore the default view of the Krolvin world is “up.” “Down” is only relevant in terms of its relationship to “up.”
Interrogatory
A question is often identified by the expression k’pla at the end of a sentence. For example, the phrase Jod tikte tschok means “We will not stop” whereas Jod tikte tschok k’pla? means “Will we not stop?”
Possessive
For the most part Krolgeh doesn’t recognize possessive terms. There is, for example, no distinction between “you” and “your,” both are q’ap. Nor is there any distinction between ‘he,’ ‘him’ and ‘his’ or ‘she,’ ‘her’ and ‘hers.’ The only clear exception is the personal possessive gno’ap (mine).
Attribution
To indicate one who engages in an action, the prefix cz is added. For example, zag means “bring” (or to bring) and czag means “one who brings” or bringer. Similarly, falz means “lose” (or to lose) and cz’falz means “one who loses” or loser.
Gender
Gender is applied to a krolvin term through the addition of ‘do’ to refer to male and ‘so’ to refer to female. For example, apdo means ‘he’ and apso means ‘she.’ Similarly clezag means “parent” but clezagdo refers to a male parent whereas clezagso refers to a female parent. Dush refers to a sibling; dushdo refers to a male sibling and dushso to a female sibling.
Emphatic
The expression to (pronounced toe) at the end of a sentence is a verbal indication of emphasis. Since krolgeh is often spoken in barking tones, it’s sometimes necessary to include an aural indicator of exclamation. For example, Q’ap tikte means “You will not” whereas Q’ap tikte to would be interpreted as “You most definitely will not!” Similarly, Sto kak tuug goort means “That’s a good ship” but Sto kak tuug goort to would indicate “That’s a damned fine ship!” And Sto kak gno'ap simply means “That’s mine” whereas Sto kak gno'ap to would be translated as “That’s mine and you’d best keep your knobby hands off it!”
Common to Krolgeh
A
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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above / below |
lut / lutkra |
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after / before |
krefkra / kref |
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alley |
aun'terokt |
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am / are (am not / are not) |
tezt (tezte) |
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and |
t’ |
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appreciate |
onnag |
Enjoy
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B
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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bad |
tuugkra |
Statement of quality, not a moral stance.
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before / after |
kref / krefkra |
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belonging to |
gno |
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below / after |
lutkra / lut |
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big |
enoork |
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blue |
lalk |
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boot(s) |
klot |
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brave |
moradg |
|
bright |
pritz'to |
Very light
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bring |
zag |
|
bringer |
czag |
|
building |
currarik |
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C
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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can / cannot |
tuz / tuzte |
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care |
hoont |
|
cause |
pluuk |
to make happen
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cemetary |
moradg burzarik |
Cemetary for those who died from battle.
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cemetary |
burzarik |
Cemetary for those who died of natural causes.
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central / middle |
quozlav |
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change |
f’ploak |
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come / go |
karzkra / karz |
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corpse |
burzka |
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coward / cowardly |
arrorak |
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cower |
rroak |
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cry / weep |
brefta |
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D
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
|
dark |
pritzkra |
in terms of illumination
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day |
lup |
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die |
burzmorad |
to die while fighting
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die |
burzgafk |
to die any other way.
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dead |
burzmokt |
dead from fighting.
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dead |
burzgafkt |
dead from other causes.
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death |
quoab prozd |
"The Long Night"
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dim |
pritz'tokra |
not bright (in regard to light)
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do (does) / did / will do |
dur / durkt / tik’dur |
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do not / did not / will not do |
dur’te / durkte / tik’durte |
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does not |
dur’te |
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down / up |
voskkra / vosk |
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E
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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enjoy |
onnag |
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everybody / nobody |
tulg / tulgte |
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F
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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family |
pla’dush |
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fear |
mordg |
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fester |
d’ton |
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Festival of the Dead |
Burzkailt |
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fight |
ungbok |
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flee |
akril |
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food |
pulta |
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foot (feet) |
ispuk |
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G
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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get |
tor |
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give |
ep |
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go / come |
karz / karzkra |
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good / well |
tuug |
statement of quality, not a moral stance.
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goodbye |
urgha |
word of leaving
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H
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
|
he / him |
apdo |
|
hello (word of greeting) |
irkuk |
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how |
leb |
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I
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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I / me |
ap |
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in / out |
av / avkra |
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intelligent / intelligence |
awrda |
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internal organs |
grawel |
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is-was / is not-was not |
kak / kakte |
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it / that / this |
sto |
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K
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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kill |
ilburz |
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kill (in a blood feud) |
mrodburz |
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kill (in a war) |
d’braburz |
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L
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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large |
enoork |
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laugh |
b’rua |
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leave / stay |
d’karzte / d’karz |
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light |
pritz |
in terms of illumination
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little |
enoorkra |
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long |
quoab |
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lose |
falz |
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loser |
cz’falz |
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M
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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make happen |
pluuk |
Cause to happen.
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market (place) |
mizklog |
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me |
ap |
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meal / food |
pulta |
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and |
t’ |
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merchant (male) |
mizklog'do |
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middle / central |
quozlav |
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my / mine |
gno'ap |
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N
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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night |
prozd |
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no / yes |
bilte / bil |
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nobody / everybody |
tulgte / tulg |
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non-krolvin |
grarrog |
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O
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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of (belonging to) |
gno |
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on |
ik |
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oppose |
jirwawk |
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or / nor |
pra |
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out / in |
avkra / av |
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over / under |
lut / lutkra |
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P
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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pain |
gzadmor |
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parent (male / female) |
clezag (clezagdo / clezagso) |
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pig |
etka |
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put |
melg |
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putrefy |
d’ton |
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Q
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
|
quick (quickly) |
fut |
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R
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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rot |
d’ton |
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S
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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sea (ocean) |
v’koort |
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see |
koask |
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she / her |
apso |
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ship |
goort |
(warship = goort dubra)
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short |
aun |
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sibling (male / female) |
dush (dushdo / dushso) |
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skin |
renqua |
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slave |
p'tuu |
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sleep |
burz'dalep |
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slow (slowly) |
futkra |
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small |
enoorkra |
|
smell |
hrusk |
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spit/urinate/expel bodily fluids |
junda |
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square |
cridluzk |
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star(s) |
herndrok |
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stay / leave |
d’karz / d’karzkra |
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stop (halt or cease) |
tschok |
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stop (prevent) |
pluukte |
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street |
terokt |
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suffer |
morgil |
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T
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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take |
shkela |
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they / them |
jodte |
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thorn |
criga |
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U
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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understand / do not understand |
plisk / pliskte |
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under / over |
lutkra / lut |
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up / down |
vosk / voskkra |
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us / we |
jod |
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W
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
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war |
dubra |
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was-is / was-is not |
kak / kakte |
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we / us |
jod |
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what |
olt |
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when |
huup |
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where |
sunt |
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who |
q’ri |
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will / will not |
tik / tikte |
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with |
tra |
|
Y
Common |
Krolgeh |
Notes
|
yes / no |
bil / bilte |
|
you /your |
q’ap |
|
Krolgeh to Common
A
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
|
akril |
flee |
|
ap |
I / me |
|
apdo |
he |
|
apso |
she |
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arrorak |
coward / cowardly |
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aun |
short |
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aun'terokt |
alley |
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av / avkra |
in / out |
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awrda |
intelligent / intelligence |
|
B
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
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bil / bilte |
yes / no |
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brefta |
weep |
|
brakakt |
insulting term |
(literally: a slug that mates with itself)
|
b’rua |
laugh |
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burz'dalep |
sleep |
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burzarik |
cemetary |
For those who died of natural causes.
|
burzka |
corpse |
|
burzgafk |
die |
Ti die by anything else but fighting.
|
Burzkailt |
Festival of the Dead |
|
burzmorad |
die |
To die while fighting.
|
C
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
|
criga |
thorn |
|
currarik |
building/structure |
|
clezagdo / clezagso |
parent (male / female) |
|
cridluzk |
square |
|
czag |
one who brings |
|
D
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
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d’braburz |
kill |
to kill in combat.
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d’karzte / d’karz |
leave / stay |
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doitro |
plant used to cure worms |
These being Sankir's mind control worms from War of Nations, specifically used by the Archipalego Half-Krolvins.
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d’ton |
fester / putrefy / corrupt / rot |
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dubra |
war |
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dur / durkt / tik’dur |
do / did / will do |
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dush |
sibling |
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dushdo / dushso |
sibling (male / female) |
|
E
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
|
enoork / enoorkra |
big / small |
|
ep |
give |
|
etka |
pig |
|
etka grarrog |
domesticated pig |
As opposed to feral pigs – often a derogatory term.
|
F
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
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falz |
one who has been defeated |
Often derogatory.
|
f’ploak |
change |
|
ut / futkra |
quickly, speedily, with alacrity / slowly |
|
G
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
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gno'ap |
my |
|
gno |
of/belonging to |
|
goort |
ship (warship = goort dubra) |
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grarrog |
non-krolvin |
|
grawel |
guts/internal organs |
|
gzadmor |
pain |
|
H
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
|
herndrok |
star(s) |
|
hoont |
care |
|
huup |
when |
|
I
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
|
ik |
on |
|
ilburz |
kill |
To kill in any way other than combat or blood feud.
|
irkuk |
hello |
A word of greeting.
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ispuk |
foot (feet) |
|
J
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
|
jirwawk |
oppose |
|
jod |
we / us |
|
jodte |
them / they |
|
junda |
spit/urinate/expel bodily fluids |
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K
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
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kak / kakte |
is-was / is-was not |
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karz |
go |
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klot |
boot(s) |
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koask |
see/view |
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kref / krefkra |
before / after |
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krol |
generic term for all krolvin peoples |
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krolgeh |
the krolvin language |
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L
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
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lalk |
blue |
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leb |
how |
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lup |
day |
|
lut / lutkra |
above (over) / below (under) |
|
M
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
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melg |
put |
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mizklog |
market (place) |
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mizklog'do |
merchant (male) |
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mordg |
fear |
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moradg |
fearless/brave |
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moradg burzarik |
cemetary |
For those who died in battle.
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morgil |
suffer |
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mrodburz |
kill |
To kill in a blood feud)
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O
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
|
olt |
what |
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onnag |
enjoy, appreciate |
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P
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
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p'tuu |
slave |
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pla’dush |
family |
|
plisk / pliskte |
understand / do not understand |
|
pluuk / pluukte |
cause (make happen) / prevent |
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pra or / nor |
pritz'to bright (very light) |
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pritz'tokra |
dim (not bright) |
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pritz |
light |
|
pritzkra |
dark |
|
prozd |
night |
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pulta |
meal / food |
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Q
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
|
q’ap |
you |
|
q’ri |
who |
|
quoab |
long |
|
quoab prozd |
death |
"The Long Night."
|
quozlav |
central / middle
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R
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
|
renqua |
skin |
|
rroak |
cower |
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S
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
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shkela |
take |
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sto |
it / that / this |
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sunt |
where |
|
T
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
|
t’ |
and |
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tschok |
halt (stop, cease) |
|
terokt |
street |
|
tezt |
am / are |
|
tik / tikte |
will / will not |
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tor |
get |
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tra |
with |
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tuug / tuugkra |
good / bad |
Statement of quality, not a moral stance.
|
tulg / tulgte |
everybody / nobody |
|
tuz / tuzte |
can / cannot |
|
U
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
|
ungbok |
fight |
|
urgha |
goodbye |
Word of leaving.
|
V
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
|
v’koort |
ocean (sea) |
|
vosk / voskkra |
up / down |
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Common Krolgeh Phrases and Sayings
Common Krolgeh Phrases
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
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Ap junda ik burzka! |
I spit/piss on your corpse! |
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Morgil, brakakt! |
Suffer, slug! |
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Q’ap tik burzmorad av gzadmor! |
You will die in pain! |
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Q’ap tik burzmorad breftark! |
You will die weeping! |
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Ap b’rua q’ap morgil! |
I laugh at your suffering! |
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Q’ap ungbokt tuug. |
You fought well. |
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Common Krolgeh Sayings
Krolgeh |
Common |
Notes
|
Herndrok brefta q’ap. |
The stars weep for you. |
A rare expression of sympathy.
|
Prozd gno tulgte |
The night belongs to nobody. |
You can’t have everything.
|
Krol tra klot hoonte sunt apdo melg apdo ispuk. |
The krolvin with the boots doesn’t care where he puts his feet. |
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V’koort dur’te f’ploak. |
The sea never changes. |
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Enoorkra criga tuz d’ton. |
A small thorn can fester. |
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Moradg etka tor pulta. |
It’s the bold pig that gets the meal. |
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Lalk gno’ap renqua to! |
By the blue of my skin. |
An oath of honesty.
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